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Physicochemical and structural characterization of yam starch modified by potassium dihydrogen phosphate treatment in aqueous glycerol
A. M. Ogunmolasuyi1, E. C. Egwim1, M. A. Adewoyin2, E. J. Nkop3
1Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
2Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, PMB 704, Akure, Nigeria.
3Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Article ID: 100003B08AO2016
doi:10.5348/B08-2016-3-OA-2

Address correspondence to:
Ogunmolasuyi
Department of Biochemistry
Federal University of Technology
Minna, Nigeria

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How to cite this article
Ogunmolasuyi AM, Egwim EC, Adewoyin MA, Nkop EJ. Physicochemical and structural characterization of yam starch modified by potassium dihydrogen phosphate treatment in aqueous glycerol. Edorium J Biotechnol 2016;2:6–14.


Abstract
Aims: The effect of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) and KH2PO4 in the presence of aqueous glycerol on selected physicochemical properties of yam starch was analyzed in this work.
Methods: The physicochemical properties such as swelling capacity, paste clarity, blue value and amylose content of native yam starch were evaluated whereas optical microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy were used to determine the structure.
Results: The result indicated that, swelling capacity, paste clarity, blue value and amylose content of native yam starch were 3.84 g, 44%, 0.528 and 25.96 respectively, whereas starch-phosphate and glycerol-phosphate starch showed 0.94g and 1.22 g; 32% and 54%; 0.320 and 0.352 and 11.08 and 13.46 accordingly. From the result, there was a decrease in swelling capacity, blue value and amylose content of the modified starch when compared to the native starch. Withal, the paste clarity of glycerol-phosphate, modified starch was higher than the native starch. Also, swelling capacity, paste clarity, blue value and amylose content were higher in glycerol-phosphate starch compared to starch phosphate. The various physicochemical characteristics indicated in the modified starch could be linked up with the essence of the modifying agents. FTIR spectroscopy and optical microscopy results further supported the structural alterations of functional groups in the modified yam starch at –OH stretch (cm-1), CH2O and C-O-H and morphology of the granules after treatment with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and glycerol-phosphate, respectively.
Conclusion: Therefore, yam, besides being a staple food has a portion of potential industrial applications and commercialization if processed into value added products.

Keywords: Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), Modification, Physicochemical and structural, Yam starch


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Author Contributions:
A. M. Ogunmolasuyi – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
E. C. Egwim – Analysis and interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
M. A. Adewoyin – Analysis and interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
E. J. Nkop – Analysis and interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
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Conflict of interest
Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright
© 2016 A. M. Ogunmolasuyi et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.



About The Authors

Ogunmolasuyi Adewoyin Martin is a PhD student at Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria and a Lecturer in Department of Chemistry, Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku, Nigeria. He earned undergraduate degree from Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria and Master Degree from Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria. He has published four research papers in national and international academic journals. His research interests include biocatalysis for biofuel, enzymology and biopolymer research.



Egwim Evans C. is Associate Professor at Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria. He earned undergraduate degree from Biochemistry Department, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria and Master degree from Biochemistry Department, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. Doctoral degree from University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. He has published more than 50 research papers in national and international academic journals. His research interests include biofuel, enzymology and nutritional biochemistry.



Adewoyin Mary Ayobami is a (TWAS-NRF PhD fellow) at Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa. She earned undergraduate degree from Microbiology Department, Adekunle Ajasin University, AkungbaAkoko, Nigeria and postgraduate degree from Microbiology Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. She has published three research papers in national and international academic journals. Her research interests include medical microbiology, epidemiology and food microbiology.



Nkop Ekpeno Josiah is a PhD student at Chemistry Department, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria and a Lecturer at Chemistry Department, Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku, Nigeria. He earned undergraduate degree from Chemistry Department, University of Uyo/Uyo, Nigeria and postgraduate degree from Chemistry Department, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. He has published one research papers in national and international academic journals. His research interests include corrosion inhibition, organic synthesis.